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Research Paper Sources

Origin of Baseball 

1.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origins_of_baseball                                                                         “Origins of baseball.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 19 Oct. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origins_of_baseball.                                                                                     This source covers the over all origin on how baseball was first created to how it evolved to what we know it now. the reason why I trust this source is because it has many references and it has many sources as to where all of that information came from.
2.  http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jp/bball/jp_bball_early_1.html                                                     How Baseball Began, www.americaslibrary.gov/jp/bball/jp_bball_early_1.html.                         This sources basically does the same as the first sources but brings it into a much simpler version with more sourced and more to the point information , In addition to that the source comes with photos that I can observe for information. I trust this source because it is an academic source meaning that the information would more than likely be accurate.
3. http://www.history.com/news/ask-history/who-invented-baseball                                                   History.com Staff. “Who invented baseball?” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 27 Mar. 2013, www.history.com/news/ask-history/who-invented-baseball.                                                 This source sheds light on the history of baseball rather than how it evolved and became what it is today. I trust this source because this website is known for specializing and speaking upon history. meaning that this source can be trust worthy.

Research Paper

     New York City's population face many hardships and struggles throughout the year. One of many are Unaffordable housing and that is why I chose this topic for my research paper. More than half of New York City population suffers from unaffordable housing and it just continues to get worse. Three years ago just 1 in 100 tenants in housing court had representation. Today, more than 1 in 4 have representation. Most poor families today devote over half of their income toward housing. I have chosen a significant article in New York Times that speaks about the ‘housing crisis’ in New York. It also provides me with information about Mayor Bill De Blasio’s promise to pension funds into affordable housing construction and legalizing thousands of illegal basement apartments. I trust these certain sources because they all provide me with statistical information that I feel I can use to help me with my research paper.  

Works Cited
Greenberg Michael, ‘tenants under siege: inside NYC housing crisis’ , netbooks.web site 08/17/17, 10/24/2017

Jorgensen Jillian, ‘NYC’s near poverty rate drops by percentage point.’ nysailynews.web, 05/17/2017, 10/23/2017 Erin Goldberg

The Editorial board of NY Times, ‘New York's affordable housing shortage’, nytimes.web, 02/7/2014,10/24/2017

Hell Gate Bridge

Its structure spans the region of the east river and was originally know as "East River Arch Bridge"

but the name was change to better reflect the surrounding area.  At the time of construction in 1917

Hell Gate Bridge was the longest steel arch bridge in the world.  It was built by the Pennsylvania

Railway between 1912 and 1917 for the purpose  of connecting Pennsylvania and New Haven

Railways from the shores of Astoria to Ward Bronx Island.



Works Cited

American.rail.com/hell.gate.html

The Strange History of NYC's Mighty Hell Gate
      by Ryan Healy

NYCroads.com/crossing/hell.gate

Alone, Afraid and underage

During my research so far I have discovered several articles/research done by governmental agencies, Psychiatry, law schools and constitutional nonprofit organizations that all agree for various reasons that solitary confinement for children/teenagers is overused in New York and around the Country.
1) The Journal of American Academy of psychiatry and law has proven through scientific research that adolescents are "At tremendous risk of sustaining psychological damages as a result of solitary confinement and are not capable of withstanding the rigors of such practices."(Journal) I chose this source because it is a well known organization and a solid resource of accurate information.
2) American Civil Liberties Union believes that "The federal government agencies and experts agree that the use of isolation on children/teens can be harmful as well as counterproductive." (Civil)
I believe this to be a reliable source of information, since the American Civil Liberties Union is a nonprofit organization whose sole purpose is to defend and preserve the individual rights of every person.
3) The American Constitution for law and policy, Harvard Law school chapter is one of the Nations leading progressive legal organizations where students get involved in helping bring justice to those in need. Their fundamental principle is to ensure the civil rights and human dignity that all people deserve. Their organization is involved with scientific research about the effect isolation has on a child's developing brain. "The frontal lobe is continually developing during the teenage years and is the slowest part of the brain to mature, forcing a child into solitary confinement inhibits its proper growth."(Constitution) Long term effects on the brain include serious problems with impulse control, social and sexual behaviors, problem solving and proper judgement. I chose this source because of the scientific data that is referred to and posted on their site.

Works cited
"Alone and Afraid: Children held in solitary confinement and isolation in juvenile detention and correctional facilities" American civil liberties union; 6/17; web; 10/24/17

Clark, Andrew "Juvenile solitary confinement as a form of child abuse" The Journal of American Academy of psychiatry and the law ; 9/17; web; 10/24/17

Hotelling, David "Children in solitary confinement: A cruel and archaic practice" American Constitution society for law and policy, Harvard law school chapter. 1/29/15, web, 10/24/17

Ellis Island Research

        For my research paper on Ellis Island and its impact on New York City I began at libertyellisfoundation.org which details the history of Ellis Island from private island to military base to immigration hub. From History Channel’s website I learned that in close to 50 years over 12 million immigrants came through Ellis Island and 40% of Americans have at least one ancestors who passed through the Island. I also read an article from the CUNY database entitled “From Ellis Island to LAX: Immigrant Prospects in the American City” by Roger Waldinger. While this article doesn't give me much information about Ellis Island itself it gave me insight to the reason cities are so much more diverse than rural areas and why they held so much appeal to new immigrants.

Works Cited

“Ellis Island History.” libertyellisfoundation.org. ND. Web. Oct 25 2017

“Desconstructing History: Ellis Island.” www.history.com. ND. Web. Oct 25 2017

Waldinger, Roger. “From Ellis Island to LAX: Immigrant Prospects in the American City” www.jstor.com, Winter 1996. Web. Oct 25, 2017

Suicide Awareness Research Paper Sources

  For my research paper my three main sources I will be gathering my information from to write this paper comes from the New York Times and The New York Daily News. I trust these sources because all three state where they collected their information from. I'm using these sources to shine light on a tragic issue that's consuming our nation. For it this issue to be published in major news papers shows I'm not the only person that believe this is a serious issue.



Work Cited:

Bitette, Nicole, "Teen girls are committing suicide at an alarming rate". The New York Times.August 8,2017. Web. October 27,2017.

Neal, Meghan, "1 in 12 teens have attempted suicide: report".The New York Daily News. June 12,2012. Web. October 27,2017.

Tavernise, Sabrina, "Young Adolescents as likely to Die from suicide as from Traffic Accidents".The New York Daily News. November 3,2016.Web. October 27,2017.

Top 5 violent gangs in new york city sources

   1^st source: “The Mac Baller Brims: NYC’s Most Dangerous Gang” – nypost.com

I chose this source because my topic is the top 5 violent gangs in NYC today and I felt the title has a lot to do with my topic. I also chose this source because the New York post is very reliable when it comes to authenticity and information.

   2^nd source: “As nationwide gangs fracture, bullets fly in new York” – nytimes.com

I chose this as my second source because it talks about gang rivalries in 2017, the most feared and violent gangs known today, as well as crimes they’ve committed.

   3^rd source: “87 Bronx gang members responsible for nine years of murders and drug-dealing charged in largest takedown in NYC history” – nydailynews.com

I chose this source because it talks about gangs that were responsible for majority of crimes happening in New York.

Works cited

   Hamilton, Brad. “The Mac Baller Brims: NYC’s Most Dangerous Gang”. nypost.com. 09/07/2014. NYP Holdings, Inc. Web. 10/26/2017
    
   Mueller, Benjamin. “As Nationwide Gangs Fracture, Bullets Fly In New York”. Nytimes.com. 05/15/2017. New York Times Company. Web. 10/26/2017

   Bekiempis, Victoria. “87 Bronx gang members responsible for nine years of murders and drug-dealing charged in largest takedown in NYC history”. Nydailynews.com. 04/28/2016. NYDailyNews.com. Web. 10/26/2017

Sources for 9/11's affect on New York City residents

In my research paper I want to discuss how 9/11 affected residents of the greatest city in the world, New York. The terrorists attack of 9/11 on the Twin Towers in lower Manhattan left Americans devastated, killing well over 2,000 people in a densely populated area. This attack had implications for the entire nation but also directly affected the city which it took place in. One of my sources is an article from the Huffington post about how the lives of muslims across America changed forever since that day. In the article there are examples of muslims in NYC facing Islamaphobic persecution and having to change their lives out of fear. Another article discusses how 911 affected the health of New Yorkers. The process of cleaning out any chemical agents in the air or ground was important in the aftermath of 9/11 but despite a great effort many in the area during and after the attack, especially firemen, fell ill. Lastly, I found an article about how the lower manhattan neighborhood which the attack took place has changed. With an increase in population the area became more residential, job opportunities in the area changed and the overall geography changed due to the construction that was needed.

Work Cited

Bankoff, Caroline, "What we know about how 9/11 has Affected New Yorkers' Health, 15 years later," Nymag.com, September 10, 2016, New York Media LCC, October 27, 2017

Nagle, Michael, "Here's How Much Lower Manhattan Has Changed Since the 9/11 Attacks: 15 years later, New York has bounced back," Fortune.com, September 9, 2016, Fortune Editors and Reuters, October 27, 2017

O'Connor, Lydia, "How 9/11 Changed These Muslim Americans' Lives Forever," HuffingtonPost.com, September 12, 2016, Janet Balis, October 27, 2017

Research paper's sources

1st-" Environmental Noise pollution: Noise mapping, public Health, and policy." I thing this book is interesting because it talks about the way that noise affect us physically.
2nd-"Psychology and Noise Pollution". It talk about how noise effects us psychologically.
3rd-" Noise: The unseen Pollution". It shows that somehow noise can kill us in silence that the fact it is unseen.
4th-" Noise Pollution. The sound behind Heart Effects" explains the role of noise in our heart diseases.


Mead, M. Nathaniel. "Noise pollution. The sound behind Heart Effects" environmental Health perspectives, vol.115, no.11, 2007, pp. A536-A537. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/4626961.

Richard H. Gilluly. " Noise: The unseen Pollution." Science News, vol. 101, no. 12,1972, pp 189-191. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3957184.

" Psychology and Noise Pollution." Science News, vol.101, no. 1, 1972, pp6-7. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3957066.

Enda Murphy, Eoin King. Environmental Noise Pollution: Noise Mapping, Public Health, and Policy. Edition: 1st, May 19, 2014.

Three source of my research paper

The first article I chose is a document from ICPHusa.org website, that talks about the effect that gentrifications is causing in some of our community and how we are getting more homeless in the city. I like this article because it has a lot of data and the sources that they use are reliable.(The)
The second source is the New York Time website this article talks about one of New York City neighborhood and how is the gentrification is affecting its culture. (Berger)

         Last but not least was from Mic.com what I like about this article is that the writer took the time to talk with the people to ask them have they feel, so we have a mix of facts and different points of view from the people affected with this situation. (Moore)

Work cited

Berger, Maurice. "On the Streets of Harlem, a Sense of ‘Erase and Replace.” TheNewYorkTimes. 11Oct.2016.

                   22 Oct. 2017.

“The Process of Poverty Destabilization: How Gentrification is Reshaping Upper Manhattan and the Bronx and                           

                Increasing Homelessness in New York City”- ICPHusa.org."  Feb. 2014 Institute for Children, Poverty,

                 and Homelessness. 23 Oct. 2017

Moore, Darnell. "The Disregarded Consequences of Gentrification in This New York City Neighborhood."

            Identities.Mic., 05 Oct. 2015. Darnell L Moore. 25 Oct. 2017

Research paper preparing

What about the shift in US foreign policy following right after 9/11?

American says the terrorist attacks were a turning point that divides American history into two parts: before September 11 and after September 11. This means that there were so many changes in many way and Americans have felt firsthand. In my research paper, I will use this three sources added in order to prove this. Because it is deemed essential to examine how deep the influence of the policy right after 9/11 has been on United States politics, not to mention the world politics.

Work cited

Lichtblau, Eric. "After effects: Intelligence operations: Justice Department Lists Uses of New Power to Fight Terror."  The New York Times. May 21, 2003. Web. Oct 27, 2017.

 

E.Sanger, David. “Bush’s Doctrine for War,” The New York Times. May 18, 2003. Web. Oct 27, 2017.

M.Broder, John and Sachs, Susan. “THREATS AND RESPONSES: THE TIGHTENING BORDER; Facing Registry Deadline, Men From Muslim Nations Swamp Immigration Office” The New York Times. Dec 17, 2003. Web. Oct 27, 2017.