Processing at Ellis Island

        For the vast majority of Ellis Island immigrants the journey to America shared a singular narrative. If one was rich enough to afford first or second class, then all that was required was swift inspection abroad the ship by a federal medical officer, and they were allowed entry into the country. However, the poorer immigrants, who far outnumbered their wealthy counterparts, had to take yet another boat to Ellis Island for their chance to become citizens. This process was neither quick nor simple, it could take days and involved examines, inspections and interviews that called every piece of their lives into question. Immigrants were seen by a trio of doctors, the last doing the most through job by inspecting each hopeful patient carefully for any infection diseases, including tuberculosis and other common contagions of the day. They also had to endure a very painful eye examine that involved forcing ones eyelid back to find any traces of trachoma, a contagious disease that could result in blindness. Immigrants were also examined to ensure that they had no mental or physical disabilities, as those with these conditions were barred from the United States after 1882. Next, they were required to submit to various interviews about every aspect of their lives - including questions about wealth, martial status, job prospects, and religion. These question fielded out those that were deemed as a threat to American society, including polygamists, unwed mothers, rabble rousers and anyone that may require public assistance. For many, it was fine line they had to walk during their interviews. If it seemed that they had no opportunity for work in the United States they would be sent home so the government didn't have to support them, but having a job lined up could label one as a “contract worker,” someone that took job away from those born American.  Women that came through Ellis Island required a male sponsor to take responsibility for them, and many waited for days to only have to make the return voyage because no one ever came for them. Astonishingly, 98% of those who took part in this process were granted entry to America, after this last grueling hurdle they had finally landed.

Hillstrom, Kevin. "Defining Moments, The Dream of America: Immigration 1870 - 1920." Detroit, MI. Omnigraphics Inc. 1963. Print